fix(sync): guard putPage 0-row RETURNING + reclassify sync failure copy (#2189)

Root cause of #2189's opaque per-file crash: putPage's INSERT … ON CONFLICT
DO UPDATE … RETURNING can yield 0 rows when brain-local DB state (e.g. a
BEFORE trigger) suppresses the write, and rowToPage(rows[0]) then died with
"undefined is not an object (evaluating 'row.deleted_at')". Both engines now
throw a descriptive error naming the slug + source_id so the failure is
diagnosable per-file instead of an anonymous TypeError.

Also lands the salvageable parts of community PR #2586 (takeover): the
"failed to parse / fix the frontmatter" copy misclassified runtime import
errors as YAML problems — reworded to "failed to import" — plus its
first-code-sync PGLite smoke test.

New regression test reproduces the exact 0-row RETURNING state via a
suppressing trigger: fails pre-fix with the reported crash signature,
passes with the guard.

Co-authored-by: javieraldape <javieraldape@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/commands/init.ts

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ interface ResolveAIOptionsArgs {
   nonInteractive: boolean;       // --non-interactive (forces D3 fail-loud, no picker)
 }
 
-export interface ResolvedAIOptions {
+interface ResolvedAIOptions {
   embedding_model?: string;
   embedding_dimensions?: number;
   expansion_model?: string;
@@ -170,41 +170,6 @@ export interface ResolvedAIOptions {
   noEmbedding?: boolean;
 }
 
-/**
- * Seed init's AI options from persisted config, falling back to the raw env
- * vars when loadConfig() returned null (#1058). On a cold install (no
- * config.json AND no DATABASE_URL) loadConfig short-circuits BEFORE its env
- * merge, so GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_MODEL / GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS /
- * GBRAIN_EXPANSION_MODEL / GBRAIN_CHAT_MODEL were silently ignored by init
- * and Tier-3 detection auto-picked by API key instead. Exported for unit
- * tests (env injectable).
- */
-export function seedAIOptionsFromConfig(
-  cfg: GBrainConfig | null,
-  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
-): ResolvedAIOptions {
-  const envDims = env.GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS
-    ? parseInt(env.GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS, 10)
-    : NaN;
-  const seed = cfg ?? {
-    embedding_disabled: undefined,
-    embedding_model: env.GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_MODEL,
-    embedding_dimensions: Number.isFinite(envDims) ? envDims : undefined,
-    expansion_model: env.GBRAIN_EXPANSION_MODEL,
-    chat_model: env.GBRAIN_CHAT_MODEL,
-  };
-  const out: ResolvedAIOptions = {};
-  if (seed.embedding_disabled) {
-    out.noEmbedding = true;
-  } else if (seed.embedding_model) {
-    out.embedding_model = seed.embedding_model;
-    if (seed.embedding_dimensions) out.embedding_dimensions = seed.embedding_dimensions;
-  }
-  if (seed.expansion_model) out.expansion_model = seed.expansion_model;
-  if (seed.chat_model) out.chat_model = seed.chat_model;
-  return out;
-}
-
 /**
  * Resolve AI provider options for `gbrain init`.
  *
@@ -238,13 +203,18 @@ async function resolveAIOptions(opts: ResolveAIOptionsArgs): Promise<ResolvedAIO
   // user already opted into deferred mode.
   try {
     const { loadConfig } = await import('../core/config.ts');
-    // #1058: loadConfig() returns null on a cold install (no config.json AND
-    // no DATABASE_URL) — before it ever reaches its env merge. The seed helper
-    // falls back to the same GBRAIN_* env vars directly in that case.
-    Object.assign(out, seedAIOptionsFromConfig(loadConfig()));
+    const cfg = loadConfig();
+    if (cfg?.embedding_disabled) {
+      out.noEmbedding = true;
+    } else if (cfg?.embedding_model) {
+      out.embedding_model = cfg.embedding_model;
+      if (cfg.embedding_dimensions) out.embedding_dimensions = cfg.embedding_dimensions;
+    }
+    if (cfg?.expansion_model) out.expansion_model = cfg.expansion_model;
+    if (cfg?.chat_model) out.chat_model = cfg.chat_model;
   } catch {
-    // loadConfig threw — treat as first-time install, fall through to env
-    // detection.
+    // loadConfig throws when no brain configured — first-time install, fall
+    // through to env detection.
   }
 
   // --- Tier 1+2: explicit flags ---------------------------------------------

src/commands/sync.ts

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ export interface SyncResult {
   /** Pages re-embedded during this sync's auto-embed step. 0 if --no-embed or skipped. */
   embedded: number;
   pagesAffected: string[];
-  failedFiles?: number; // count of parse failures (Bug 9)
+  failedFiles?: number; // count of per-file import/sync failures (Bug 9)
   /**
    * v0.41.13.0 partial-sync fields (only set when status === 'partial').
    *
@@ -3183,7 +3183,7 @@ async function performSyncInner(engine: BrainEngine, opts: SyncOpts): Promise<Sy
     await clearOpCheckpoint(engine, ckpt.target);
   };
 
-  // issue #1939 adversarial finding #1: a file that failed to parse (open ledger
+  // issue #1939 adversarial finding #1: a file that failed to import (open ledger
   // row) and is then deleted/renamed-away never re-enters failedFiles and never
   // imports, so its row would never clear and would age doctor to a permanent
   // FAIL. Treat removed paths as resolved so the ledger self-heals.
@@ -3215,9 +3215,9 @@ async function performSyncInner(engine: BrainEngine, opts: SyncOpts): Promise<Sy
     } else {
       const fileFailCount = failedFiles.filter(f => isSkippablePath(f.path)).length;
       serr(
-        `\nSync blocked: ${fileFailCount} file(s) failed to parse:\n` +
+        `\nSync blocked: ${fileFailCount} file(s) failed to import:\n` +
         `${codeBreakdown}\n\n` +
-        `Fix the frontmatter and re-run, or use 'gbrain sync --skip-failed' to ` +
+        `Fix the listed file errors and re-run, or use 'gbrain sync --skip-failed' to ` +
         `acknowledge and move on. A file that keeps failing auto-skips after ` +
         `${resolveAutoSkipThreshold()} consecutive syncs.`,
       );
@@ -5355,7 +5355,7 @@ function printSyncResult(result: SyncResult, sink: NodeJS.WriteStream = process.
     case 'dry_run':
       break; // already printed in performSync
     case 'blocked_by_failures':
-      write(`Sync BLOCKED at ${result.toCommit.slice(0, 8)}: ${result.failedFiles ?? 0} file(s) failed to parse.`);
+      write(`Sync BLOCKED at ${result.toCommit.slice(0, 8)}: ${result.failedFiles ?? 0} file(s) failed to import.`);
       write(`  See ~/.gbrain/sync-failures.jsonl for details, or run 'gbrain doctor'.`);
       write(`  Fix the files then re-run 'gbrain sync', or 'gbrain sync --skip-failed' to move on.`);
       break;

src/core/operations.ts

@@ -332,15 +332,6 @@ export interface OperationContext {
    * remote/untrusted (defense in depth in case the type is bypassed via cast).
    */
   remote: boolean;
-  /**
-   * Transport marker for auth-less remote surfaces (#1061). The stdio MCP
-   * dispatch sets 'stdio' — it is deliberately `remote: true` (agent-facing,
-   * untrusted) but has no per-token auth (local pipe), so identity ops like
-   * whoami need a way to distinguish "known auth-less transport" from "a
-   * transport bug forgot to thread ctx.auth". Trust decisions MUST NOT key
-   * off this field — only `ctx.remote === false` grants trust.
-   */
-  transport?: 'stdio';
   /**
    * Subagent runtime context (v0.16+). Set by the subagent tool dispatcher when
    * dispatching an op as a tool call from an LLM loop. Used to enforce per-op
@@ -3722,10 +3713,9 @@ const whoami: Operation = {
     'Introspect the calling identity. Returns one of three transport shapes: ' +
     '{transport: "oauth", client_id, client_name, scopes, expires_at}, ' +
     '{transport: "legacy", token_name, scopes, expires_at: null}, or ' +
-    '{transport: "local", scopes: []}, or {transport: "stdio", scopes: []} ' +
-    'for the auth-less stdio MCP pipe. Throws unknown_transport when the ' +
-    'context is ambiguous (remote=true without auth and no transport marker) ' +
-    '— fail-closed posture mirroring the v0.26.9 trust-boundary contract.',
+    '{transport: "local", scopes: []}. Throws unknown_transport when the ' +
+    'context is ambiguous (remote=true without auth) — fail-closed posture ' +
+    'mirroring the v0.26.9 trust-boundary contract.',
   params: {},
   scope: 'read',
   handler: async (ctx) => {
@@ -3737,12 +3727,6 @@ const whoami: Operation = {
     if (ctx.remote === false) {
       return { transport: 'local', scopes: [] };
     }
-    // #1061: stdio MCP is remote/untrusted by design but has no per-token
-    // auth (local pipe) — a known transport, not a bug. Report it instead of
-    // throwing. Empty scopes: nothing here may be used to gate anything.
-    if (!ctx.auth && ctx.transport === 'stdio') {
-      return { transport: 'stdio', scopes: [] };
-    }
     if (!ctx.auth) {
       throw new OperationError(
         'unknown_transport',

src/core/pglite-engine.ts

@@ -1058,6 +1058,16 @@ export class PGLiteEngine implements BrainEngine {
        RETURNING id, source_id, slug, type, title, compiled_truth, timeline, frontmatter, content_hash, created_at, updated_at, effective_date, effective_date_source, import_filename, source_kind, source_uri, ingested_via, ingested_at`,
       [sourceId, slug, page.type, pageKind, page.title, page.compiled_truth, page.timeline || '', JSON.stringify(frontmatter), hash, effectiveDate, effectiveDateSource, importFilename, chunkerVersion, sourcePath, sourceKind, sourceUri, ingestedVia, ingestedAt]
     );
+    // #2189: an INSERT … ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE … RETURNING that yields 0 rows
+    // (e.g. a BEFORE trigger suppressing the write) previously crashed in
+    // rowToPage with an opaque "undefined is not an object (row.deleted_at)".
+    // Throw a diagnosable error naming the row instead. Mirrors postgres-engine.ts.
+    if (!rows[0]) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `putPage: INSERT … RETURNING produced no row for slug='${slug}' source_id='${sourceId}'. ` +
+        `A trigger or rule on the pages table may be suppressing the write.`
+      );
+    }
     return rowToPage(rows[0] as Record<string, unknown>);
   }
 

src/core/postgres-engine.ts

@@ -1119,6 +1119,16 @@ export class PostgresEngine implements BrainEngine {
         ingested_at           = COALESCE(EXCLUDED.ingested_at,           pages.ingested_at)
       RETURNING id, source_id, slug, type, title, compiled_truth, timeline, frontmatter, content_hash, created_at, updated_at, effective_date, effective_date_source, import_filename, source_kind, source_uri, ingested_via, ingested_at
     `;
+    // #2189: an INSERT … ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE … RETURNING that yields 0 rows
+    // (e.g. a BEFORE trigger suppressing the write) previously crashed in
+    // rowToPage with an opaque "undefined is not an object (row.deleted_at)".
+    // Throw a diagnosable error naming the row instead. Mirrors pglite-engine.ts.
+    if (!rows[0]) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `putPage: INSERT … RETURNING produced no row for slug='${slug}' source_id='${sourceId}'. ` +
+        `A trigger or rule on the pages table may be suppressing the write.`
+      );
+    }
     return rowToPage(rows[0]);
   }
 

src/mcp/dispatch.ts

@@ -32,12 +32,6 @@ export interface DispatchOpts {
   remote?: boolean;
   /** Override the default stderr logger (e.g. CLI uses console.* directly). */
   logger?: OperationContext['logger'];
-  /**
-   * #1061: transport marker for auth-less remote surfaces. The stdio MCP
-   * server passes 'stdio' so identity ops (whoami) can report the transport
-   * instead of throwing unknown_transport. Never used for trust decisions.
-   */
-  transport?: OperationContext['transport'];
   /**
    * v0.28: per-token allow-list for the takes.holder field. Threaded by
    * the HTTP/stdio transport from `access_tokens.permissions.takes_holders`.
@@ -209,7 +203,6 @@ export function buildOperationContext(
     logger: opts.logger || stderrLogger,
     dryRun: !!params.dry_run,
     remote: opts.remote ?? true,
-    transport: opts.transport,
     takesHoldersAllowList: opts.takesHoldersAllowList,
     // v0.34 D4: sourceId is REQUIRED at the type level. Auto-fill 'default'
     // for single-source brains and any caller who didn't resolve a sourceId.

src/mcp/server.ts

@@ -42,10 +42,6 @@ export async function startMcpServer(engine: BrainEngine) {
     // `gbrain call <op>` (sets remote=false in src/cli.ts).
     return dispatchToolCall(engine, name, params, {
       remote: true,
-      // #1061: mark the transport so whoami can report {transport: 'stdio'}
-      // instead of throwing unknown_transport. Trust posture unchanged —
-      // stdio stays remote/untrusted.
-      transport: 'stdio',
       takesHoldersAllowList: ['world'],
       // v0.31: source defaults to 'default' for stdio (no per-token scope).
       // Operators who want a different source on stdio MCP should set

test/init-env-detection.test.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
  */
 
 import { describe, test, expect } from 'bun:test';
-import { groupReadyByProvider, findEnvKeyTypos, seedAIOptionsFromConfig } from '../src/commands/init.ts';
+import { groupReadyByProvider, findEnvKeyTypos } from '../src/commands/init.ts';
 
 describe('groupReadyByProvider — embedding touchpoint', () => {
   test('OPENAI_API_KEY alone → openai is ready', async () => {
@@ -149,47 +149,3 @@ describe('findEnvKeyTypos', () => {
     expect(got.find(t => t.userSet === 'COMPLETELY_UNRELATED_KEY')).toBeUndefined();
   });
 });
-
-describe('seedAIOptionsFromConfig — #1058 cold-install env fallback', () => {
-  test('null config (no config.json, no DATABASE_URL) falls back to GBRAIN_* env vars', () => {
-    const got = seedAIOptionsFromConfig(null, {
-      GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_MODEL: 'voyage:voyage-3-large',
-      GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS: '1024',
-      GBRAIN_EXPANSION_MODEL: 'openai:gpt-5-mini',
-      GBRAIN_CHAT_MODEL: 'anthropic:claude-sonnet-4-6',
-    });
-    expect(got.embedding_model).toBe('voyage:voyage-3-large');
-    expect(got.embedding_dimensions).toBe(1024);
-    expect(got.expansion_model).toBe('openai:gpt-5-mini');
-    expect(got.chat_model).toBe('anthropic:claude-sonnet-4-6');
-  });
-
-  test('null config + no env vars → empty seed (Tier-3 detection takes over)', () => {
-    const got = seedAIOptionsFromConfig(null, {});
-    expect(got).toEqual({});
-  });
-
-  test('persisted config wins (loadConfig already merged env when non-null)', () => {
-    const got = seedAIOptionsFromConfig(
-      { engine: 'pglite', embedding_model: 'openai:text-embedding-3-small', embedding_dimensions: 1536 } as any,
-      { GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_MODEL: 'voyage:voyage-3-large' },
-    );
-    expect(got.embedding_model).toBe('openai:text-embedding-3-small');
-    expect(got.embedding_dimensions).toBe(1536);
-  });
-
-  test('embedding_disabled sentinel honored on re-init', () => {
-    const got = seedAIOptionsFromConfig({ engine: 'pglite', embedding_disabled: true } as any, {});
-    expect(got.noEmbedding).toBe(true);
-    expect(got.embedding_model).toBeUndefined();
-  });
-
-  test('non-numeric GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS ignored, model still seeds', () => {
-    const got = seedAIOptionsFromConfig(null, {
-      GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_MODEL: 'voyage:voyage-3-large',
-      GBRAIN_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS: 'not-a-number',
-    });
-    expect(got.embedding_model).toBe('voyage:voyage-3-large');
-    expect(got.embedding_dimensions).toBeUndefined();
-  });
-});

test/putpage-returning-guard.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// #2189 regression guard: putPage's INSERT … ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE … RETURNING
+// can yield 0 rows when brain-local DB state (e.g. a BEFORE INSERT trigger)
+// suppresses the write. Pre-fix, rowToPage(rows[0]) crashed with the opaque
+// "undefined is not an object (evaluating 'row.deleted_at')" that failed
+// ~all files of a code sync. Post-fix, putPage throws a descriptive error
+// naming the slug + source_id so the failure is diagnosable per-file.
+//
+// Same guard lands in postgres-engine.ts (engine-parity invariant); this test
+// exercises the PGLite side, where the issue was reported.
+
+import { describe, expect, test, beforeAll, afterAll } from 'bun:test';
+import { PGLiteEngine } from '../src/core/pglite-engine.ts';
+
+let engine: PGLiteEngine;
+
+beforeAll(async () => {
+  engine = new PGLiteEngine();
+  await engine.connect({});
+  await engine.initSchema();
+  // Simulate the reporter's state-dependent failure: a trigger that
+  // suppresses inserts for one slug, making RETURNING produce no row.
+  await engine.executeRaw(`
+    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION suppress_pages_insert() RETURNS trigger AS $$
+    BEGIN
+      IF NEW.slug = 'suppressed-page' THEN RETURN NULL; END IF;
+      RETURN NEW;
+    END;
+    $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+  `);
+  await engine.executeRaw(`
+    CREATE TRIGGER suppress_pages_insert_trg
+    BEFORE INSERT ON pages
+    FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE FUNCTION suppress_pages_insert();
+  `);
+});
+
+afterAll(async () => {
+  await engine.executeRaw('DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS suppress_pages_insert_trg ON pages');
+  await engine.executeRaw('DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS suppress_pages_insert');
+  await engine.disconnect();
+});
+
+describe('putPage RETURNING guard (#2189)', () => {
+  test('0-row RETURNING throws a descriptive error, not row.deleted_at TypeError', async () => {
+    let err: Error | undefined;
+    try {
+      await engine.putPage('suppressed-page', {
+        type: 'code',
+        title: 'Suppressed',
+        compiled_truth: 'x',
+        timeline: '',
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      err = e as Error;
+    }
+    expect(err).toBeDefined();
+    expect(err!.message).toContain('putPage');
+    expect(err!.message).toContain("slug='suppressed-page'");
+    expect(err!.message).toContain("source_id='default'");
+    // The pre-fix crash signature must be gone.
+    expect(err!.message).not.toContain('deleted_at');
+  });
+
+  test('unsuppressed slugs still upsert normally with the trigger installed', async () => {
+    const page = await engine.putPage('normal-page', {
+      type: 'concept',
+      title: 'Normal',
+      compiled_truth: 'y',
+      timeline: '',
+    });
+    expect(page.slug).toBe('normal-page');
+    expect(page.source_id).toBe('default');
+  });
+});

test/sync.test.ts

@@ -375,6 +375,31 @@ describe('performSync dry-run never writes', () => {
     expect(messages.some(m => m.includes('git pull failed'))).toBe(false);
   });
 
+  test('first PGLite code sync imports code files without runtime failures', async () => {
+    const { performSync } = await import('../src/commands/sync.ts');
+    mkdirSync(join(repoPath, 'src'), { recursive: true });
+    writeFileSync(
+      join(repoPath, 'src/example.ts'),
+      'export function add(left: number, right: number) { return left + right; }\n',
+    );
+    execSync('git add -A && git commit -m "add code file"', { cwd: repoPath, stdio: 'pipe' });
+
+    const result = await performSync(engine, {
+      repoPath,
+      noPull: true,
+      noEmbed: true,
+      noExtract: true,
+      strategy: 'code',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.status).toBe('first_sync');
+    expect(result.added).toBe(1);
+    expect(result.failedFiles ?? 0).toBe(0);
+    const page = await engine.getPage('src-example-ts');
+    expect(page?.type).toBe('code');
+    expect(page?.frontmatter).toMatchObject({ file: 'src/example.ts', language: 'typescript' });
+  });
+
   test('incremental dry-run does NOT write to DB or advance the bookmark', async () => {
     const { performSync } = await import('../src/commands/sync.ts');
     // First do a real sync to seed the bookmark.

test/whoami.test.ts

@@ -94,35 +94,6 @@ describe('whoami op contract', () => {
     expect(result.expires_at).toBeNull();
   });
 
-  // #1061: stdio MCP is remote/untrusted by design but has no per-token auth
-  // (local pipe). The stdio dispatch marks ctx.transport='stdio'; whoami
-  // reports it instead of throwing unknown_transport.
-  test('stdio transport (remote=true, no auth, transport marker) reports stdio', async () => {
-    const result = (await whoami.handler(
-      ctxWith({ remote: true, auth: undefined, transport: 'stdio' }),
-      {},
-    )) as any;
-    expect(result.transport).toBe('stdio');
-    expect(result.scopes).toEqual([]);
-  });
-
-  test('stdio marker does not mask real auth (auth still wins)', async () => {
-    const result = (await whoami.handler(
-      ctxWith({
-        remote: true,
-        transport: 'stdio',
-        auth: {
-          token: 'gbrain_at_xxx',
-          clientId: 'gbrain_cl_abc',
-          scopes: ['read'],
-          expiresAt: 1,
-        } as AuthInfo,
-      }),
-      {},
-    )) as any;
-    expect(result.transport).toBe('oauth');
-  });
-
   // Q3: ambiguous transport — fail-closed. The footgun this guards against
   // is a future transport that lands without threading auth, where a buggy
   // caller might trust whoami's output to gate sensitive ops.